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APPLICATION FILED MA- R. 29, 1918.

W. E. TAFT.

C'ARBURETER.

Patented Oct. 18, 1921.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2- lz'nvany Wa (2m i UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WALTER EVERETT TAFT, or PROVIDENCE, nnonn IsLANn. AssIeNoR TO THE TAM CARIBURETQR COMPANY, or HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION,

tion and convenience and efliciency in use.

In the accompanying drawing Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved carbureter.

' Fig. 2'is an end elevation of-the same.

. Fig. 3 is a side elevation, on an enlarged scale, of a part of'rthe bowl and adjacent parts, the same being broken away to show the float supporting devices. 1 Fig. 4 is an enlarged, longitudinal sectional view on the line 4-l of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary sectional view of certain parts shown in'Fig. '41, showing the combination ofthe auxiliary air supply devices for supplying air directly .to the mixing chamber and the relief valve, the said relief valve'being at the open position.

Fig. 6 is a sectionalview on the line 6-6 of Fig.4.

Fig. 7 is a side elevation, on the same scale as Fig. 1, of a'modification oi my'improved carbureter.

Fig. 8 is an end elevation or" the same.

Fig.9 is a sectional view, on an enlarged scale, on the line 9-9 of Fig. 8.

Fig.10 is a view, on a still further enlarged scale, of certain parts shown in Fig. 9.

-Fig. 11 is a sectional view on the line 11 11 of Fig. 10. 1

My improved carbureter comprises a mixing chamber 10 at the upper end portion, a float chamber 11 positioned to one side of the said mixing chamber and adjacent the lower portion thereof, and a nozzle '12 intermediate the said chambers.

A flange connection 13 is provided at the upper end of the mixing chamber 10 for connect-ion with the manifold of the engine for supplying the explosive mixture and in the opening thereof is operatively housed the butterfly valve 14; for throttling the fuel supply.

Themixing chamber 10 has a globular Specification of Letters Patent.

CARBURETER.

Patented Oct. 18, 1921.

Application filed March'29, 1918. Serial No. 225,421.

form for the construction of the side wall 15, has on one side a laterally directed neck .16 that serves as the support for the auxiliary air chamber 17, and may be provided on tl1 1ntI'10l' with a battle 18, which, as shown, is also of globular form and extends upwardly from the nozzle 12 across the passage 19 through the neck 16.

As a convenience in construction, a plate 20 is provided that extends across the upper part of the float chamber 11 and across the lower end of the mixing chamber 10, havmg on the upper side of the portion under the mixing chamber 10 an annular, upwardly directed flange 21, and provided with a hole 22 concentric with the flange 21.

Exterior to the flange 21 and resting on the portion 23 of the plate 20 extending beyond the said flange 21 is a neck 24 next to the flange 21 that serves as the support for the baflie l8, and a second neck 25, next tothe neck 24, that serves as the connection for the mixing chamber 10.

Fitting in the inside of the flange 21 is the nozzle body 26, seated on the portion 27 of the plate 20 inclosed by the said flange 21, and a sleeve-like extension or neck 28 extends downwardly from the nozzle body 26-through the hole 22.

An axial passage 29 of appreciable diameter extends through the nozzle body 26 and extension 28; the upper border edge or rim portion 30 serves as a seat for a valve 31.

The passage 29 is extended downwardly and to one side by means of the elbow 32 that is mounted on the lower end of the extension 28.

The valve 31 is provided with a stem 33 that extends axially downwardly along the passage 29 and is continued through a boss 34 that is provided on the lower wall of the elbow 32.

The seat 30 for the valve 31 is positioned inthe lower and middle portion of the space inclosed by the side wall '15 of the mixing chamber, the lateral passage 19, in the neck 16, is positioned at the lower part of the said side wall 15, just above the valve seat 30 and valve 31, and the battle wall 18 extends appreciably above the passage 19, is in spaced relation to the side wall 15, and incloses the upper portion of the nozzle body 26 so as to separate the passage 29 through the said nozzle bodv 26 from direct connection with the passage 19.

The portion 35 of the plate 20 to one side oi the mixing chamber 10 and nozzle 12 serves as the top wall or roof of the float chamber 11 and is provided on the lower face with a rib 36 for positioning the bowl 37 that is secured to the said roof 35 and serves as the float chamber proper.

The roof 35 is provided above the middle of the bowl 37 with an integral sleeve 38 in which is housed a tube 39.

The said tube 39 extends across the top of the float chamber 11, through the sleeve 38, has a shut-off or control cook 40 at the outer end, and has the inner end projected through the lower part of the neck 25, neck 24, and flange 21, so that the extreme end connects with a short passage 41 in the nozzle body 26, which passage opens upwardly into an annular chamber 42. The said chamber 42 is in the form of a groove of appreciable depth and width in the side wall of the nozzle body 26 and is closed on the outer side by the flange 21.

A plurality of jets 43, in the form of diminutive tubes having a small sized bore,

are positioned in the nozzle body 26 and extend upwardly therefrom into the mixing chamber, and extend downwardly into the annular chamber 42, suitably to connect the Said chamber with the mixing chamber.

A spring 44 may be provided on the lower end of the valve stem 33, between the boss 34 and adjustingnuts 45 on the end of the stem for controlling the movement of the valve 31.

A tube 46 extends downwardly from the roof 35 of the float chamber 11, the upper end being screwed into a boss 47, the lower end being closed and extending through the bottom wall of the bowl 37 suitably to serve as support therefor, the said bowl 37 being held in place by means of a nut 48. The said tube 46 has a lateral passage 49 adjacent the lower part of the bowl 37 that leads from the float chamber space into the longitudinal passage 50 in the tube 46. The longitudinal passage 50 extends upwardly from the lateral jiiassage 49 and at the upper end registers with a connecting passage 51 through the roof 35 and the opposed bottom wall of the horizontal, cross-wise positioned tube 39, already mentioned.

The float 52 is of the usual form, is opera tively housed in the bowl 37 in any proper manner. suitably to operate the needle valve for controlling the supply of liquid fuel to be admitted to the float chamber.

The pivotal support for the float is shown at in Fig. 3 and at 54 is shown the coupling for connecting the float chamber 11 with the lead from the liquid fuel supply tank.

The auxiliary air chamber 17 comprises a cylindrical portion 55 at the inner, supporting end that slips over the neck 16, has a second cylindrical, interiorly threaded portion 56 at the outer end, and intermediate the said ends has a swelled or outwardly curved body portion 57.

' At the interior of the inner end portion is a hub 58, supported by spider arms 59 that, as shown, have their ends secured in slots 60 and 61 in the neck 16 and the superimposed cylindrical portion 55, .which hub serves as a support for an axially positioned and outwardly directed shaft or post 62 that serves as a guide for certain movable valve parts to be described.

Screwed into the outer, threaded portion 56 is a shell-like member 63 of substantially cylindrical form, the threaded exterior portion 64 being extra long to permit of changing the position by screwing in or out for purposes of adjustment, the inner end terminating in the form of a valve seat 65 atthe end face, of annular form.

The valve 66, of disk-like form, slidably mounted on the rod 62 cotiperates with the valve seat 65, and is normally held in engagement therewith by the spring 67. which spring is mounted on the portion of the rod 62 between the valve 66 and the hub 58.

The valve 66 is supported on the rod 62 by means of a hub 68, and the said hub 68 is extended outwardly, along the rod 62 in the form of a sleeve 69 that terminates at the outer end in the form of an enlargement or head 70.

The disk valve 66 is provided with a plurality of perforations 71 that are normally A closed by a smaller disk valve 72, slidably mounted on the sleeve 69, and normally held in engaged position by the spring 7 3, which spring is mounted on the said sleeve 69 and is positioned between the said valve-72 and the head 70.

In the modification shown in 7, 8, and 9 the mixing chamber structure 10 is constructed substantially like the mixing chamber 10 described, terminating in the upper end in the flange connection 13 and at the lower end in the form of a connecting neck or sleeve 25 that incloses and is connected to a neck or flange 74 that serves as the support for the float chamber and nozzle structures to be described.

The supporting flange 74 is provided on the upper face of a plate 75 that serves as the roof of the float chamber 11". The plate 75 is of annular form and the opening 76 at the middle is relatively large. The border wall of the opening 76 is provided with a screw thread that is extended for an appreciable length along the downwardly extending neck or boss 77.

The nozzle body 78 is generally of cylindrical form and elongated, the upper end portion 79 being provided with a screw thread that is engaged with the thread in the opening 76, and the lower end portion body 78. r

having a thread 80 on the periphery of suitable length to receive the nut 81 at theupper part thereof and also to receive at the lower part thereof the threaded nipple or connectin portion of the elbow 83.

' The float chamber bowl 37 is concentrlc with the nozle body 78, fits by its upper edge against the lower face of the roof 75, has the lower endportion rounded and contracted and terminating in an end piece 84 that has an opening 85 that is a sliding fit for the periphery of the nozzle body 78 and is adapted by its bottom face to bear against the nut 81.

The needle valve chamber 86 is formed integrally with the bowl 37 and is positioned to one side of the float chamber proper, the needle valve 87 being supported by one end "of a rocking arm or lever 88 that 7 extends into the said valve chamber 86, suitably to cooperate with a valve seat at the upper end of the inlet duct 90 for the liquid fuel.

The other end of the lever 88 extends inwardly into the float'chamber space and is secured'to the float 52*, which latter is of annular form and encircles the nozzle The elbow 83 has a right angle bend, so as to terminate at the lower end to one side of the axis of the nozzle body 78, and is provided at the said lower end with a chamber 17 in which are housed valve devices similar to those described as being housed in the air chamber 17, comprising the disk valve 66 for seating against the valve seat 65 at the end of the adjusting sleeve 64 and the disk valve 7 2 for closing the ports 71.

The nozzle body 7 8, as mentioned is cylindrical in form, extends axially through the float chamber 11, is also in axial alinement with the mixing chamber 10*, and is positioned just below the said mixing chamber. The said nozzle body 78 is, furthermore, provided with an open passage 91 for the entire length that is connected atthe lower end through the elbow 83 with the air chamber or valve chamber 17 -and that at the upper end opens into the mixing chamber 10.

The passage 91'is crossed by a bridge 92 of spider-like form at an elevation just above the bottom of the bowl 37 that serves as a support for the concentric tubes 93 and 94 and which bridge has a radial passage 95 that connects the lower end of the outer ,tube'93 with the lower part of the liquid 91 in the nozzle body 78. The diameter of the outer tube 93 is appreciably smaller than that of the passage 91 and slightly greater than thediameter of the inner tube 94, the two tubes being separated by an annular space 97.

The inner tube 94 is supported from the lower wall portion of the bridge 92 by means of a screw threaded enlargement 98, terminates at the upper end just below the top of the outer tube 93, and extends downwardly from the said upper end continuously through the passage 91 and through a boss 99 on the lower outer wall of the elbow 83, the lower end being connected in any suitable manner, as by means of the elbow 100, with the conductor tube 101.

The tube 101 is provided with a control valve or cook 40*.

When in operation, each of the two forms of carbureter described serves to deliver liquid fuel from the float chamber to the mixing chamber in a finely divided state and also a quantity of air to form an explosive mixture. The proportion of air to the fuel is varied according to the condition of operation in part automatically, as will be fur ther considered, and is also underpositive control by meansof the cock 40 or 10 Thus the cock -10 controls the admission of air through the passage 39 that connects with the fuel passage 50.

' The explosive mixture is drawn from the carbureter, as is well understood, by the suction due to the partial vacuum in the intake manifold to which the carbureter is connected and produced by the operation of the engine.

a The mixing chambers are similar in the two forms and these comprise besides the mixing chamber proper the lateral passage 19 through the side wall and connecting with the valve chamber 17. The said passage 19 serves as the auxiliary air passage for admitting air when the engine is running at high speed, the passage being normally closed by the valve 66 and being opened when the suction is sufficiently high to overcome the tension of the spring 67.

The passage 19 also serves as a relief passage in case of back-fire, the excess pressure serving to open the smaller disk valve 72, in opposition to the spring 73, and uncovering the ports 71 that are provided in the form of the perforations through the auxiliary air valves 66.

p The baffle 18 in the mixing chamber serves to divert the auxiliary air supply entering through the passage 19 from the nozzle so as to avoid disturbance of the free operation of the nozzle and spray devices provided in coiiperation therewith, to be described.

7 The main air passage connects with the bottom of the mixing chamber and in both forms is positioned at the middle of the nozzle, being designated by the character 29 in the form shown in Fig. l and by the character 91 in the form shown in Fig.9. the admission of air being controlled by the valve 31 in the one form and by the valve 66 in the other form, which valves are normally held. seated on the valve seats by the valve springs 44 in the one case and 67 in the other. 7

Thus the main air valves ill and 66 are initially in closed position as the engine is started and as the engine speeds up and produces a suction effect in the mixing chamber the main air valve is lifted from its seat and a supply ot air is admitted to the mixing chamber.

The springs controlling the main air valves are relatively light, so that these valves open responsive to relatively small suction, where as the auxiliary airvalves are adjusted so that they open only responsive to an appreciably higher degree of suction.

In addition to the means for supplying air described by way of the main air passage and the auxiliary air passage, means are provided for admitting air directly with the fuel and under positive control by means of the cock 4:0 or 4:0. already mentioned, and which will be further considered after giv ing attention to the detail of fuel supply.

Considering the form shown in Fig. l, the fuel is admitted to the mixing chamber by the plurality of ducts d3, which are positioned concentric with and exterior to the main air passage 29.

The fuel passes from the float chamber ll. through the lateral passage 4E9 and longitudinal passage 50 in the tube 46, through connecting passage 51 to tube 39, thence inwardly along a part of the said tube 39 and through the short passage d1 in the nozzle body 26 to the annular chamber 42 in the said nozzle body. The said annular chamber l2 serves as a distributing chamber for the small outlet ducts 4:3.

lVith the cock a0 closed liquid fuel only will be delivered from the ducts 4:3 to the mixing chamber.

By opening the cock 40 while fuel is be ing; delivered in the manner described air will be admitted along tube 39 and will travel with the fuel from the junction with the fuel passage at the connecting passage 5l-tl110l1gl1 the inner end portion of the tube 39 and through the short passage 41 to the annular distributing chamber 4L2, and thence through the tubes to the mixing chamber, and the air thus admitted will displace a corresponding amount of fuel. Thus by varying the degree of opening of the cock il) the richness of the explosive mixture will be varied and the quality of the mixture is positively under control by means of the said cock -l0.

Referring to Fig. 1 of the drawing it will be noted that the tube 39 mentioned has the inner end extended along the upper side of the float chamber 11 and at the outer end is provided with an extension, which extension is shown as being interrupted, and cock i0 is provided in the said extension.

Thus the cock ll), which serves as the means of controlling the air admitted along the tube SJ, is positioned appreciably remote from the structure of the carbureter proper.

lonsidi-uing the form shown in Fig. 9, the fuel is admitted to the mixing chamber 10 through the tube 93, positioned along the axis of the main'air passage 91, which tube 93 terminates adjacent the junction of the nozzle body '78 and the lower end of the mixing chamber 10. The radial passage 95 serves as the inlet passage for the fuel from the float chamber 11 to the tube 93, the fuel passing along the annular space 97 between the tubes 93 and 94, from the said radial passage 95 to the upper interior portion 192 of the said tube 93, above the end of the inner tube 94., which serves as the delivery outlet.

. Thus the tube 93 corresponds to the ducts at?) in the form shown in Fig. 4.

'ihc inner tube 9% serves as the control air tube for admitting air from connecting tube 101. under the control of the cook 40, to the delivery end portion 102 of the outer tube 93, where it mingles with the fuel as the air and the fuel travel upwardly into the mixing chamber.

A. relief valve 72 is incorporated with the structure of the main air valve 66 whereby the main air passage 91 may serve as a relief passage.

In Fig. the main air valve 66 and the relieit valve 72 are both shown in closed positions. In Fig. 5 the relief valve 72 is shown in the open position, In Fig. 9 the main air valve 66" is shown in the open position.

I claim as my invention i in combination, a carburetor having a mixing chamber, mechanism constructed. and arranged for supplying air directly to the said mixing chamber, float chamber for supplying fuel in gaseous form to the said mixing chamber. a fuel supply tube interconnecting the float chamber and mixing chamber, and an air conducting tube connected to the said fuel supply tube, the said connecting tube being extended outwardly from the carburetor structure and having a control cock in the extended portion, whereby an explosive mixture will be supplied to the mixing chamber through the coopera-v tion of the said mechanism and the fuel supply tube, and the quantity of fuel delivered to the mixing chamber will be controllable by means of air that is admitted by the control cock and at a point relatively remote from the carburetor structure.

WALTER- EVERETT TAFT. 

